Pile fabric and mode of weaving same.



No. 892,517. PATENTED JULY '7, 1908. A. HEALD.

PILE FABRIC AND MODE 0E WEAVING SAME.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 2. 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

A. HBALDIl PATENTED JULY '7, 1908.

PILE FABRIC AND MODE OP WEAVING SAME.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 2,1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

l Il I PATENTDD JULY '7, 1908.

A. HEALD.

PILE FABRIC AND MODE 0F WEAVING SAME.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 2,1906.

A /l/l 3 SHEETS-SHEET S.

Km Q. RM@

ALFRED HEALD, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

PILE FABRIC AND MODE OF WEAVING SAME.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 7, 1908.

Application filed May 2, 1906. Serial No. 314,862.

To all whom 'it may concern.'

Be it known that I, ALFRED HEALD, a citizen of the United States,residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certainImprovements in Pile Fabrics and the Mode of Weaving Same, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to the production of figured pile fabrics by theoperation sometimes termed double weaving by which is meant theproduction of two backing webs with the pile-forming threads or yarnscrossing from one to the other, this double webbeing afterwards severedat a point midway between the two backing webs, so as 'to produce twocut pile fabrics, and my invention relates especially to the productionof such a double web with parti-colored pile warp threads, the object ofmy invention being to produce two fabrics without increase in the costof printing the articolored warp threads as compared wit the cost ofprinting the same for a single fabric, and without any such increase inthe cost of the threads themselves as would naturally be caused by theproduction of two fabrics instead of one.

In the accompanying drawings z-Figure 1, is a view showing, in adiagrammatic way, the various essential parts of a loom such as I employin carrying out my invention, this view showing one adjustment of thevarious warp threads employed in weaving the preferred form of my imroved fabric; Figs. 2

and 3, are views simi ar to Fig. 1 but illustratin the production ofmodified fabrics in accor ance with my invention Figs. 4 and 5 areexaggerated sections of the double fabrics shown respectively in Figs. 1and 2, and Figs. 6 and 7 are views illustrating other dispositions ofwarp and weft threads in the backing fabric.

In Figs. 1 to 5 are illustrated the dispositions of successive colorunits in the articolored' warp threads employed, an also various disositions of warp and weft threads in the bacfging two-shot binder isemployed, and Figs. 6

and`7 show different dispositions of the warp and weft threads in thebacking web when what is termed a three-shot binder is used.'

Referring first to Fig. 1 of the drawing, 1

represents the breast beam of a loom, 2 the swinging lay, 3 the reedcarried by the same,

web when what is termed a'- 4 and 5 upper and lower shuttles, and 6 afixed reed in the rear of the swinging lay. Mounted upon a bar 7 justbehind the breast beam are a series of separator plates of which thereare, by preference, as many as there are sets of warp threads employedin the weaving of the fabric, each of these separator plates passingthrough a space of the reed 3 and engaging the lfixed rear reed 6, inorder that it may be ermanently retained in lateral and vertica positionby the latter.

The separator plates are, by preference, made in two parts 8 'and 9, thepart 8 being mounted upon the bar 7, and the part 9 passing through thereeds and having its forward end lreduced in thickness to form an uppertongue 10 and an undercut recess in the bottom of the plate, the tongueenga ing and being soldered or otherwise secure to the part 8, andtherecess receiving the cutting knife 11, whereby the web is separated.By this means the part 8 can be readily unched from sheet metal, and thepart 9 rol ed from wire, thereby simplifying and cheapening themanufacture of the separator plate.

Through spaces of the swinging reed 3 and fixed reed 6, alternating withthose which receive the separator plates, pass the sets of warp threadsemployed, each set of such warp threads in the fabric shown in Figs. l

and 4 comprising a parti-colored ile warp thread 12, two stuffer warpthrea s 13 and 14, one for each backing fabric, and four binding warpthreads 15, 16, 17, and 18,

two for each of the backing fabrics, the pile warp t reads 12 beingcontrolled by a heddle 19 the stutter war threads 13 and 14 beingcontrolled by he dles 20 and 21, and the binding warp threads 15, 16,17and 18 being controlled by heddles 22 and 23. In connection with thesewarp threads are employed four weft threads 26, 27, 28 and 29 or eachbacking web, the weft threads of the u per web being introduced by theupper shutt e 4 above these arator plates 9, and and the weft threadsof) the lower web being introduced by the lower shuttle 5 below saidseparator plates' 9. The pile warp threads 12 are shedded alternatelyabove the upper shuttle 4, between the two shuttles, and below the lowershuttle 5, while the stuffer warp threads and the binder war threads areshedded with reference to 13 and the upper binder warp threads withreference to the upper shuttle 4, and the lower stuffer warp t read 14and the lower binder warp threads with reference to t-he lower shuttle5.

The weft threads are introduced simultaneously 'in pairs, one by theupper shuttle and one by the lower shuttle. The weft .threads 26 and 27are binder weft threads,

and the weft threads 28 and 29 are separator weft threads, and they areintroduced as follows. The warp threads 13, 15 and 17 are first raisedand the warp threads 12, 14 and 18 are lowered for the insertion of theweft thread 26 of the lower web, and the weft thread 28 of the upperweb. The warp thread 13 is then lowered, the warp thread 14 raised, andthe warpV thread 12 adjusted to a mid position between the two shuttlesfor the insertion of the weft thread 27 of the lower web, and the weftthread 29 of the upper web. The warp thread 12 is then i fully raised,the warp threads 13, 16 and 18 are raised and the warp threads 14, 15and 17 lowered for the insertion of the weft thread 28 of the lower web,and the weft thread 26 of the upper web, and the warp thread 13 is thenlowered, the warp thread 14 raised, and the warp thread 12 lowered tomid position for the insertion of the weft thread 29' of the lower weband the weft thread 27 of the upper web, and these operai tons arerepeated indefinitely. The 'pile warp threads 12 are thus interwovenfirst with the upper web, and then with the lower web, while the stufferwarp threads and binder war threads are interwoven with weft threa s ofa single web only. When therefore the pile warp threads which cross fromone web to the other are severed at a point intermediate of the two websby the reciprocating or continuously running transverse knife 11, twocomplete cut pile fabrics will be produced, which may be ed to suitabletake-up rolls and thence disposed of in the manner most available.

In preparing the pile warp threads for use in carrying out my improvedmethod of weaving I proceed in the manner usual in reparing such warpthreads for what are nown as tapestry carpets, and I use no greaterlength 'of warp thread than is necessary for producing a single carpetof the usual character, although I may increase the size or number ofstrands in each thread to an extent equal to, say, 50 per cent. of thenumber usually em loyed, this increase in the size of the threa(however, requiring no greater amount of time in the rinting of thethread, nor any materially greater amount of dyeing` or printingmaterial for the purpose.

The minimum length of color unit in an ordinary tapestry warp is of asize sufficientto produce one pile loop, and the minimum cut, changes inthe coloring of the pattern' y can be effected upon single ends of theyarn, as will be noted on reference to Fig. 4, instead of upon a loop ofyarn or upon a pair of adjoining ends of the same, as in the ordinarytapestry carpet, and by this means 'a much finer class of ornament ispossible in the pattern than when the ordinary mode of weaving isadopted.

The fact that two shots of weftare introduced simultaneously, one ineach backing web, also permits of the Weaving of the douole fabric moreexpeditiously than the usual single fabric is Woven, owing to theabsence of pile wires, hence it will be evident that cut pile fabricscan be produced in accordance with my invention at less expense than bythe methods at present in use.

In weaving the fabric shown in Figs. 2 and 5 two warp threads 15 and 17only are em- `ployed, each of these warp threads being interwoven withweft threads 26 and 27 of its respective backing web, Vthe separatorweft threads 28 and 29 being omitted, and a weft thread 26 of one webbeing introduced simultaneously with a weft thread 27 of the other web.In Fig. 2 I have. also shown a searator plate 9a made in one pieceinstea of the composite separator plate showninFig. 1.

In Weaving the fabric shown in Fig. 3 there are two pile warp threads 12and 12a, and four binder warp threads 15, 16, 17 and 18, a pile warpthread of cach set being shedded above the upper shuttle and the otherbelow with weft threads 26 and 27, the separator,

weft threads 28 and 29 being omitted in this case also. In weaving thisfabric the two inner or pile-binding weft threads 26 are introducedsimultaneously, and the two outer or Studer-binding weft threads 27 arealso introduced simultaneously and in alternation with the inner bindingweft threads, the pile threads crossing each other in their passage fromone web to the other.

All of the webs shown in Figs. 1 to 5 em ploy what is known as atwo-shot binder, but I may, inweaving my improved fabric, employ what isknown as a three-shot binder, in which each set of weft threadscomprises three threads which may be disposed one on the inside of-theweb and two on the outside, as in Fig. 6, or one on the outside and twoon the inside, as in Fig. 7.

I claim :d

1. A woven fabric having a cut pile composed of parti-colored tufts fyarn tied into lic a backing fabric, and having changes in the coloringof the pattern effected upon single ends of the yarn, substantially asspecified.

2. A Woven fabric consisting of two back,

ing webs and parti-colored warp threads crossing from one web to theother, and having color units of minimum length extending on y from oneweb to the other, substantially as specified.

3. A woven fabric having a cut pile comosed of parti-colored tufts ofyarn, each fnormed around a single weft thread, a stuer warp thread, apair of binder warp threads, and airs of binder and separator weft threas, alternating with each other, substantially as specified.

4. The mode herein described of producing.

tWo similarly patterned out pile fabrics, said mode consisting in irstprinting the pile Warp threads as for a single fabric, then interweavingsaid pile Warp threads with se arated backing Webs in such a mann'er tat the single units of color in thelpile warp threads will cross fromweb to web and then severinl the cross wa threads midway between t ebacking we s.

' In 'testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, inthe presence of two subscrlbing witnesses.

ALFRED HEALD.

